Is Cultural Pluralism a Viable and Valid Way to Deal with Diversity in Research Paper

Is Cultural Pluralism a Viable and Valid Way to Deal with Diversity in the United States - Research Paper Example The current examination has distinguished that the homesteaders were bound together in their resistance to tax imposition without any political benefit and different inconveniences that they felt enrollment in the British Empire was forcing on them. Nonetheless, past that common conviction there was at that point a lot of assorted variety in the United States. To start with, there were the indigenous people groups and the African-American populace. Both of these gatherings were avoided from taking part in the administration of the new country (as were ladies). This by itself is proof of assorted variety. On another level, even the European foreigners recently showed up in North America carried with them various societies. Many were strict dissidents, for example, William Penn and the Quakers that established Pennsylvania and the Puritans that had established the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Manhattan had been established by the Dutch and there was as yet an enormous number of indiv iduals of Dutch legacy who communicated in Dutch in the region at the hour of the Revolution. The Constitution itself likewise addresses the assorted variety inside the United States more than 200 hundred years prior. Considering the decent variety of the recently shaped United States, the Constitution explicitly precluded the foundation of a state, official religion and ensured opportunity of religion. The main expression in the First Amendment states, â€Å"Congress will make no law regarding a foundation of religion, or disallowing the free exercise thereof.† Religious decent variety was a part of American national character from the introduction of the United States. The Constitution additionally perceives that the previous settlements, presently states, are every special.

role of sexes essays

job of genders papers Jobs of the Sexes The compliant job of the female in a marriage or relationship is a typical issue in numerous social orders, including our own American culture. This job has become so regular that in reality it is presently expected of the female. This male predominance goes as far back as mankind, to the start of connections and marriage between the female and the male. At that point, the physical ability of the male prompted his strength in all circumstances and in this manner framed these jobs. Indeed, even by and by, with every one of our advances in equivalent rights and womens progresses in the work handle, this job of accommodation and lack of involvement is as yet present among our general public. For what reason do ladies acknowledge this job? Why hasnt it expelled with the option to cast a ballot and her venture into the male-commanded working environment? These jobs are ingrained into our general public. The men are raised to lead and assume responsibility. Ladies, then again, are trained that their place is to keep harmony, and in most situations that implies acclimating. There are numerous reasons ladies acknowledge or permit this job. For some ladies, they discover security in permitting the male to command the relationship. The compliant job is recognizable or so expected that the ladies dread evolving the circumstance. Numerous creators outline this job of the genders and depict a few reasons and circumstances that are basic in our general public, for example, Sidonie-Gabrielle Colette, in her story The Hand, and James Joyce, in Eveline. These two creators both, despite the fact that each portrays a lady in a totally different, yet surprisingly comparable, circumstance, talk about one of the significant reasons ladies capitulate to guys. Colette was a noteworthy women's activist in the mid 1900s when the womens right development was going full bore. She battled for equivalent open doors for ladies and demonstrated it was conceivable at the point when she was the principal lady to be admitted to the Goncourt Academy. As a novelis... <!

7 Effective Basic Tips To Get Traffic to Your Blog

7 Effective Basic Tips To Get Traffic to Your Blog Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!7 Effective Basic Tips To Get Traffic to Your BlogUpdated On 05/04/2017Author : Alicia ATopic : BloggingShort URL : http://hbb.me/2ozmKMf CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogWe all blog for a reason for people to read what we have to say. If it wasnt, we would have written our thoughts, opinions, product launches or service reviews in our diaries. So just how do we get as many people as possible to read what we have to say about ourselves or the items or services that we are trying to sell? Use a few of the tricks below to draw traffic to your blog.1. SEO your BlogFor the uninitiated, SEO stands for Search Engine Optimization. If you even need an introduction to what SEO is, you are definitely not using any technique to push your website to appear at the top of search results whenever a search is performed. SEO is the most effective way to get traffic to your site but yo u need to put in a little effort to get your desired results. It isnt that difficult really.SEO mainly involves the use of keywords, which you would just need to know how, when and where to place them. There is too much to talk in detail about SEO here. You can simply Google the topic and you would get a lot of articles on SEO. You really need to optimize your website for search engines if you intend to pull visitors to your website, or else youd be only blogging blindly and hoping for the best.2. Update your Blog FrequentlyBut dont overdo it. Quality still reigns over quantity. We want repeat visitors, not just new ones who would stop visiting if they get put off by the quality of articles on your website that have no useful contents, are obviously copied from elsewhere or are peppered with grammatical errors. Updating your blog often with useful and interesting articles not only elevates your blog to the top of the search engine results page if the SEO is done properly but also, y ou will build up loyal followers who are interested enough to constantly check your blog for new posts.3. Use the Power of Facebook and TwitterWith almost everyone owning a Facebook and/or a Twitter account, there is so many that you can reach out there. Write a great post and share it on your Facebook wall. If it is really captivating, your friends might even share it on their pages and now youve reached out to another social circle.4. Submit your Articles to Articles DirectoriesArticles directories such as EzineArticles and ArticleDashboard are popular with both writers and readers alike. Writers love these sites directing traffic to their blogs while readers visit to read and learn on a wide range of topics. It is true that article directories do not work wonders anymore like they used to, but they are still worth submitting to!What you as a blogger need to do is to write articles that end with an introduction of yourself and a call-to-action phrase asking readers to visit your b log for more tips, hints, news etc. These sites are also a great place to build up network of bloggers, where you can share and support each others blogs.READ10 SEO Secrets that Will Blow Your MindUSEFUL : Boost Your Traffic And SEO By Effective Article Marketing8 Mistakes You Should Avoid When Using Article Directories5. Put your Blogs Link in your SignatureIf you are a member of a forum, include the link to your blog in your signature. That way, other forumers will see your blog link each time you post a topic or comment. It helps even further if youre already a popular forumer or have already build a reputation as a senior member or one who is knowledgeable, trusted or looked up to within the forum. Dont worry if you aren’t or do not participate in forums. First, you just need to sign up for an account on the most popular forum and then start commenting on topics that are close to your heart. The more you comment, your blogs link appears with higher frequency and raises the cha nces that fellow forumers clicking on it. Again, remember that quality beats quantity, so dont post something for the sake of it. If you arent careful, this method will backfire, leaving you with bad publicity.6. Comment on Others BlogsBlog hop among those who share the same niche and leave your mark behind in the form of comments. Leave your opinions in the comment box and encourage the readers to visit your own blog. Even if you do not do this, there will already be a link to your profile anyway once you comment. Just be sure to say something of value instead of being a spammer. It would also be great if you have written a post on the same issue, then you can encourage readers to read yours and debate or agree.USEFUL : 7 Tips To Be A Hero On Blog CommentingBrand Your Comments To Drive Traffic To Your Blog7. Build a Blogging NetworkBloggers are a close-knit community. They support and help one another in the blogosphere. So if you are known to each other and visit his/her blog, he/ she is likely to return the favor and visit yours too. You can also ask if your friends are willing to link their blog to yours and if youre buddies enough, you could ask them to mention you if they are posting anything related to your niche. In short, be nice because youd never know when this community of bloggers would be useful!Many bloggers fail to realize that getting traffic to their blog requires some effort. Dont just spend time writing and then keeping your fingers tightly crossed that somehow someone out there will realize how interesting you are because writing good posts alone isnt going to get you far in terms of traffic. So, remember: Blog smart, not hard, use my tips discussed earlier and you are sure to get more traffic than ever!This article is written by Alicia. She is a web designer and developer. Loves WordPress themes and plugins. If you wish to write for us, kindly check this.

Taking a Look at Social Cognition - 1777 Words

Social cognition is a fascinating topic which stands at the threshold of much important sociological research. Researchers have spent considerable amounts of time exploring the encoding and processing of social cues in â€Å"aggressive children’s† interactions with other people. They hypothesize – and studies tend to support the idea – that these children feature disproportionately aggressive responses to certain social cues. Two studies conducted in the 1980’s explain the existence of poor social cognition skills – or at least poor social reactions – in aggressive children. Both of these studies did, in fact, find that the more aggressive male children respond more aggressively in two specific situations. An aggressive child is one who frequently answers certain social cues with aggressive verbal, physical or emotional reactions. The aggressive boys reacted aggressively when 1) prompted with an aggressive cue, and 2) prompted with an ambiguous cue. Nonaggressive boys did not feature this skewed reaction to ambiguous prompts. These trends suggest that aggressive boys do not only react aggressively in situations which are less clearly threatening, but also that aggressive boys are significantly more likely to attribute aggressive intentions to the actions of other peers. This second observation is also specifically in cases which feature ambiguous cues. Based on this last finding, it was also determined that environmental conditions – specifically threatening ones – have aShow MoreRelatedReflection Paper On Cognition755 Words   |  4 P agesassigned for this week, I discovered how important the term cognition is. Initially I felt as though cognition was the understanding of knowledge in our brains, although now I understand that there is so much more meaning to that than the surface presents. The three videos presents all highlights different key factors that contribute to the term cognition. In my opinion towards myself, I have an average grasp on being aware of my cognition. For example, when learning different knowledge, I use differentRead MoreThe Effects Of Oxytocin On Social Cognition1509 Words   |  7 Pages The effects of oxytocin on social cognition in schizophrenia Tonya English Chamberlain College of Nursing NR 320: Mental Health May 2015 The effects of oxytocin on social cognition in schizophrenia â€Å"Schizophrenia is a serious mental illness associated with substantial social and occupational dysfunction. While positive psychotic symptoms of schizophrenia often respond to anti- psychotic medications, negative symptoms and cognitive impairments are difficult to treat, necessitating novelRead MoreThe Intervention Program Is A Treatment Intervention1483 Words   |  6 PagesBiological, psychological, and social factors strengthen anxiety’s vulnerabilities. Biological factors comprise of one’s body adaptive reaction and response, genetic predisposition, existing mental disorder, personality types. Psychological factors and causes embrace early childhood trauma; in addition to the four variables to psychological vulnerabilities, which are perceived control, cognitive appraisals, cognitive distortions, and cognitive beliefs. Moreover, social and environmental factors andRead MorePersonal Bargaining : Developing An Improvement Plan1629 Words   |  7 PagesPlanni ng, Presence, Modeling, Reflection, and Consequence cognitions, each were measured, then ranked which indicating the areas that I may need to either improve upon, or merely â€Å"fine tune.† Each of the five categories were respectively scored as presented. Communication Competence Scoring Key Planning Cognitions 1. ___3_____ 9. ___5____ 12. ___4____ 15. ___4____ 19. ___4____ Total: ___20____ Reflection Cognitions 4. ____5______ 6. ____5_____ 10. ____4____ 14.Read MoreThe Themes Listed Under Functional Age1294 Words   |  6 Pagespopulation. This report will use peer reviewed research articles and the lived experience of a senior to support the thesis. Biological changes are probably the most noticeable change to an individual in regards to the topic of aging. This theme looks at how old the individual seems to be by measurements of how well the body is performing. Variables can range from vitals such as heart rate, blood pressure or lab tests like glucose levels and liver function to any other factors that play into allowingRead MoreIq Test Strengths and Weaknesses726 Words   |  3 Pagesdisparities in groups from different racial, ethnic, religious and socioeconomic groups. The main reason for this disparity is socioeconomic and racial inequality. For instance African Americans on the low end of social scale tend to do far worse on standardized test than do whites on the same low social scale. This leads one to believe that along with the economic burden faced by African Americans, racial inequality has a much larger effect on testing. From my personal experiences conducting military testingRead MorePurchasing a Home Durin g a Financial Crisis825 Words   |  4 Pagespurchasing a home. Cognitive universalism is a universal theory, meaning that type of cognition is something that makes us all tick, whether its buying a home or buying a car in one way or another we all live out these â€Å"real fantasies†. Taking a deeper look into the sociological theory of cognition we bring ourselves to the theory of cognitive individualism. This type of cognition is a more intimate type that looks at the environment of the individual and their own experiences in which they baseRead MoreThe Basic Assumptions Of Dissonance Theory1374 Words   |  6 Pagesdiscomfort one feels when presented with two conflicting beliefs, or acting in a way that goes against a held cognition. Individuals have their own set of beliefs, and the level of dissonance felt when performing an oppositional behavior depends upon how central or important the belief is to the individual. In a situation where both consonant cognitions (aligned with your own) and dissonant cognitions are involved, the magnitude of dissonance will be a result of the proportion of consonant to dissonantRead MoreAn Analysis On Intuition : Cognitive Bias Or A Fast Problem Solving Cognition1249 Words   |  5 PagesProblem-Solving Cognition How many times have we heard the saying â€Å"follow your heart† or people following their â€Å"guts† when making a decision? Soldiers in time of war are successfully recorded to use their instincts or â€Å"guts†, while engaged in life-threatening situations, in order to minimize life loss. A mom, â€Å"instinctively† knows when her child is feeling discomfort, without much need for words. Consecutively, expert chess players can predict how a game will end, by the mere look at pictures ofRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorders Are Not Rare1369 Words   |  6 Pagesarticle autism, defines provides some of the characteristics to look for in a 5-12 year old, how to obtain assistance, who may be involved in the intervention process, and a treatment technique that focuses specifically on the area of social cognition. What is Autism? ASD is a neurodevelopmental disorder. The DSM-V includes a list of criteria that mentions what characteristics are present in a person with ASD. These include deficits in social communication and interaction. It states that restrictive and

Climate Change and Health Effects - 1968 Words

PHILIPPINE COUNTRY REPORT ON CLIMATE CHANGE AND HEALTH EFFECTS Presented By: THEODORA CECILE G. MAGTURO MD. MHA NCDPC-DOH ENGR. JEAN ROSETE EMB-DENR MR. NINIO RELOX PAGASA-DOST DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH Republic of the Philippines DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH Republic of the Philippines COUNTRY DESCRIPTION †¢7107 Islands †¢No land boundaries Taiwan- north Vietnam –west China – northwest Malaysia and Indonesia–South 3 major islands †¢Luzon †¢Visayas †¢Mindanao DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH Republic of the Philippines Philippines ranks among the highest in SEA Population of 85.2 m (2005) and annual Growth rate 2.1% (2004) Rural 52% Urban 48% DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH Republic of the Philippines†¦show more content†¦of Cases 100 80 60 40 20 0 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51 Morbidity Week 2007 Alert threshold Epidemic threshold DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH Republic of the Philippines DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH Republic of the Philippines DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH Republic of the Philippines Distribution of Typhoid Fever Cases by Week Philippines, as of June 3, 2007 45 40 35 No. of Cases 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51 Morbidity Week 2007 Alert threshold Epidemic threshold DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH Republic of the Philippines Distribution of Cholera Cases by Week 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51 Philippines, as of June 3, 2007 No. of Cases Morbidity Week 2007 Alert threshold Epidemic threshold DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH Republic of the Philippines Ten Leading Causes of Morbidity Philippines 2005 DISEASE NUMBER RATE/ 100,000 population Acute Respiratory Tract Infx Bronchitis/Bronchiolitis Diarrhea Influenza Hypertension TB, Respiratory Diseases of the Heart Malaria Chicken Pox Dengue Fever 690,566 616,041 603,287 406,237 382,662 114,360 43,898 36,063 30,063 20,107 828.0 738.7 723.4 487.1 458.8 137.1 52.6 43.3 36.0 24.1 DEPARTMENT OFShow MoreRelatedIn Contrast To The Views Of Mcmichael And The Usgcrp, Emeritus1126 Words   |  5 Pagesbelief that climate change will have severely negative effects on human health. He is well-versed in economics, which is why it is not surprising that the second half of the book discusses the economic side of climate change. Nevertheless, the way of gathering information on climate change’s effects was fairly new in the late nineties and what little data that was gathered was speculated on by Moore. Moore revealed that Paul Epstein, a professor at the Harvard School of Public Health, had claimedRead MoreProject Proposal: Effects of Climate Change1322 Words   |  6 PagesProject Proposal: Effects of Climate Change The final research paper generated from the Project Proposal: Effects of Climate Change will discuss the question, what Americans can do to reduce climate change health effects? Various research publications by credible sources advise, global warming climate change has an affect on human health. Climate change and the impact on human health can be connected through direct or indirect variables. The Importance I feel as though if we start at a youngRead MoreGlobal Health And Climate Change1525 Words   |  7 Pagesmost significant global health issue in the United States (U.S.) and one that poses the most danger is climate change. Climate change is a major global health issue that many of us do not understand, do not take seriously, nor do not consider to be a major health concern. The link between global health and climate change has been confirmed by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a risk to the health of the population and is now classified as one of the greatest health risks of the 21st centuryRead MoreClimate Change : A Look On Public Health1261 Words   |  6 PagesComposition 3 November 2015 Climate Change: A Look on Public Health What will happen to the future of humanity if climate change is allowed to have its way with the human race? What disasters will climate change force upon civilization? Will the human race slowly be extinguished? What will happen to individual people as the Earth’s climate gets more and more violent? Climate change will affect the general public’s health; the only question is â€Å"How much?† Climate change’s effects are very real and someRead MoreEnvironmental Global Health : A Social Science Point Of View1492 Words   |  6 Pages Environmental global health analyzes the nature and build of the environmental by researching the effects of human and their interactions with the environment while creating ways to reduce environmental risk factors. Singer and Erickson define environmental risk factors as: â€Å"specific ways that environment features and events threaten human health† (Singer, Erickson 2013: 114). Environmental Global Health effects everyone from a state, community, organizational, interpersonal, and individual levelRead MoreGlobal Warming And Climate Change1131 Words   |  5 Pageswithout consideration of the long-term effects that their emissions may have on the planet. Changing weather patterns are now wreaking havoc around the world, and scientists attribute this to human-caused climate change. During President Obama’s State of t he Union address in 2015, he stated that, â€Å"No challenge poses a greater threat to future generations than climate change,† (â€Å"Remarks by the President†). Warming temperatures caused by anthropogenic climate change have disastrous consequences thatRead MoreGlobal Climate Change And Global Warming1054 Words   |  5 Pagesglobal climate change is happening. From the melting of the polar ice caps, to record severe temperatures, rise in natural disasters, rise in pollution, greater number of vector-borne and water borne illnesses, and much more. Unless there is something done to change the current technology being used to provide energy to the human population global climate change will only continue to get worse. Climate change is the biggest global health threat of the 21st century and we must act and change the useRead MoreGlobal Climate Change : The Global Warming1472 Words   |  6 PagesGlobal Climate Change Currently when human life is growing, human activities impact on the environment and climate to lead to global climate change. Climate change is a problem of the whole world, and that is the big challenge for human kind. So what is climate change? Evolution of how it? Climate change is the change of weather, climate, may be due to human or natural causes. The specific expression that we often hear about is the phenomenon does not stop warming the earth, the greenhouse effect, meltingRead MoreAcross The World, There Are Many Global Health Issues Which1517 Words   |  7 Pagesmany global health issues which are being played out in which society faces. Whether it be a developing issue or one that has been plaguing society for an amount of time, as the world becomes a more globalized entity, many are beginning to realize that while we may face challenges individual to more local levels, there are just as many challenges that we must take on together. Climate change, and its effect upon human health, is one of these uniting challenges. While climate changes have occurredRead MoreGlobal Climate Change : The Global Warming1633 Words   |  7 PagesThe Global Climate Change Currently, when human life is growing, human activities play an impact on the environment and climate, which leads to global climate change. Climate change is a problem of the whole world, and therefore remains a huge challenge for life on Earth. So what is climate change? Evolution of how it change? Climate change is caused by natural causes or by humans which possibly fluctuates the cycle of change in weather and climate. The specific expression that we often hear about

The Colonization Of America, Australia And Antarctica

During the 1400s, Europeans knew little of the world surrounding them. Outside of Europe and the Mediterranean, little was known, with rumors and imagination filling the gaps. They had no real concept of the size or shape of Africa and Asia and had no clue of America, Australia and Antarctica. Europeans began their explorations of the world starting in the late 1400s, with Columbus’ discovery of the Americas. Here, he discovered that this land was already inhabited and had been civilized for centuries by a native people. These were the Native Americans, who have been there since 13,000 B.C. These Natives used nature to their advantage, and lived in harmony with other tribes, having strong family ties. The Natives had different values†¦show more content†¦Beginning in the summer of 1675 the King Philip s War started and never stopped, as Native American resisted colonial expansion. These Europeans had eliminated approximately forty percent of the Native American popu lation in New England. This war later led to the Natives struggling in their own communities. Colonists had succeeded and the Native American population declined drastically in New England. Much of the Native American population died to new mysterious diseases, including smallpox, typhus, cholera, and measles. These diseases were brought by the colonists and in fact the population of Native Americans in New England fell in 1675, from 10,000 to 125,000. The Europeans also took over land through trade and by expanding their land claims. The next encounter with natives and colonists was in New York and New France. The first French colonists had arrived at the St. Lawrence Valley with around 400 soldiers, 300 sailors and only a few women. Many though passed over the following two years due to scurvy, a disease caused by a deficiency of vitamin C. France then sent an explorer in 1608, to Quebec, Samuel de Champlain, in order to establish the New France colony. Champlain already had experience with these natives and allied with the Hurons, who were located on the lower Great Lakes, as well as the Algonquins and Montagnais

Qualitative Research In Public Health for Continuity and Change

Question: Discuss about theQualitative Research In Public Health for Continuity and Change. Answer: Social problem. A social issue is any circumstance or mannerism harboring destructive consequences over a large number of individuals and which is in most cases identified as one that calls for immediate attention [1]. The article at this moment in question delves on the social problem of the motivation and decision-making that pushes study participants to the inclusion acceptance in the study. The research goes further to explore the records of exploitative research practices to the indigenous and non-indigenous study participants while participating in some research procedures which has posed a social problem facing past, current and prospective study participants. The research questions addressed by the study are: (a) Whether differences exist between responses of aboriginal and alien research participants, (b) What are the motivating factors to participate in any medical research by both the indigenous and non-indigenous participants, and (c) Whether non-indigenous researchers face more challenges in the field than native researcher when performing study activities on indigenous research participants? The authors connected the research questions to the social problem by doing a secondary research on a previous interviewed research participants and assessed their promptness to their study activities, attitude, and mannerism towards the incorporated activities and researchers. The respondents were divided into two groups; indigenous and non-indigenous community members, with the researchers evaluating each study participator's responses. The driving force of the research was to investigate instances of subject exploitations and approaches likely to appear exploitative. The authors also targetted respondents who had participated in a study investigating on issues ranked as sensitive,' thus their acceptance to participate involved stakes that were at least moderately high. The study concludes with a note that the needs of indigenous people should be prioritized thus making the study a community value-abiding one in its focus [2]. Paradigm adopted. Research has been assigned the description of a systematic investigation (Burns, 1997) as cited by Mackenzie [3] with a research paradigm recorded as the hypothetical fabric, explicit from the theory, and one influencing knowledge interpretation and study [3]. The authors adopted the constructivist paradigm; one where qualitative methods are applied even though quantitative methods can be utilized incorporating interviews, observations and visual data analysis as data collection tools [9]. The paradigm asserted that The reasons and motivation behind an individual response are dependent on whether he/she is an indigenous member of the community or not.' They interrogated persons who had a prior participation in research while failing to disclose the identity of the participants to their first researchers. The study interviewed 36 members from Victoria-Australia on reasons for their involvement in the previous research where a representative sample from each group was absorbed. A physi cal interview was chiefly used on the original participants with telephone interview incorporated depending on a participants availability for interview. The data collected delved on their opinion on; (a) the approach employed by the researchers towards them, (b) their attitude to the study and (c) the motivation they expected from investigators. Though the respondents produced their independent responses, high response similarity was recorded in each group. The sample population selected responded to similar questions, except for indigenous participators who tackled further filter probing. The non-indigenous population was noted to employ minimal attention to the why factors,' unlike their indigenous counterparts. Most non-indigenous participants consented inclusion with the intent of; helping others, individual interests or possessing face value trust in the recruiting medical practitioners [2]. The native participants consented to the study inclusion after careful and insightful thought on the researchers' credibility and the importance of the research to the community. The constructivist paradigm achieved its purpose by collecting study participants individual opinion that is independent of external influence. Population and the sample A study population is a group of people from whom a researcher can legitimately assign the study's conclusions on [8] with the target population being the whole team under interest. Nevertheless, this population is not always accessible, and due to numerous practicalities (funding, time, ethics), the researcher is unable to reach every individual of interest thus a proportion (sample) of it is selected for a study. The studys sample was selected from previous sensitive perceived studies participants in Australia, who were contacted via letters and later interviewed with the consent of their respective researchers. The sample contained 36 members; 24 women and 11 men, of ages between 18 and 70 years. The sample comprised of 28 non-indigenous and eight indigenous participants. Its worth noting the unfortunate situation of the study harboring only eight native participants despite the high effort put into recruitment. The authors speculated this was due to (a) indigenous people failure to identify the studys incident vitality towards their society, (b) lack of trust in the institution carrying out the study; a research university, (c) feelings of involvement burnout and (d) individual and time commitments. The study gave the report dependent on the sample even though small. Conclusively, responses recorded high consistency, exhibiting the thoughtfulness and articulateness of the respondents. The participants agreed to participate in this research mainly because they considered the act beneficial to their community. The authors concluded that the responses adequately represented the populations voice since they held the notion that views given were information-rich. Therefore, there lacked a point of invalidating the findings. Other researchers on qualitative data have highlighted various arguments on the sample size concerning the entire population. Mathematically, a small sample size is a recipe to committing type II error: where the null hypothesis is not rejected when false [8]. However, other literature backs the choice of a small but representative sample size with their explanations; cost likely to be incurred if many respondents are interviewed, e.t.c. The qualitative research, however, seeks in-depth inquiry into every social aspect thus the concept of the sample size does not bear much weight [7] Ethical Issue. In the field of research, ethics can be considered as the protection and confidentiality of interviewees. Ethics promotes cooperation and understanding between researcher and respondents thus efficient information/data sharing and acquisition. The authors upheld ethics by: Gaining the consent of prior researchers thus granting them access their participants (after which they sent invitation letters to the targeted sample), withholding participants identity (those who yielded to the research inclusion). This promoted privacy of the respondent and could serve as a motivation to give more intimate responses to this and future studies. interviewing participants for a duration of 3060 minutes and the audio-recorded interactions were to be passed for afterward transcription only with the member's permission. Letters of invitation consisted of project information and contacts for authenticity. Similar researchers have emphasized the importance of ethics in research; [6] state presence of various reason for upholding it: Norms promote the aims of the review, such as knowledge, truth, and avoidance of error. For example, prohibitions against fabricating, falsifying, or misrepresenting research data promote the truth and minimize error. Measures utilized to ensure ethics were sufficiently simplified, and adequately served towards the respondents prompt information sharing and views outsourcing owing to the long responses given, and line of thoughts articulated. A high number of respondent produced negative views about some of the former researchers evidencing that the authors approach was favorable to the respondents. The research targeted people perceived as vulnerable or requiring particular ethical attention. The issues under the prior investigation were mostly private or sensitive. Having that knowledge and the response effectiveness; this shows the approach used was the most appropriate (It produced a 100% response rate; 36/36 valid responses). Findings. The authors have brought out clear discrepancies between indigenous and non-indigenous research participation. The indigenous participated in the research after considering: (a) benefits of the research to their society, (b) their safety from any involvement in risky situations due to their vulnerability and (c) among others, the researchers truthfulness, reciprocity, and reputation. However, this was contrary to the non-indigenous participants who only assessed face value of investigators' assertation. It is thus important to note that motivation and decision-making processes in indigenous and non-indigenous participants are not necessarily the same. These findings display a tendency of easier exploitation of the non-indigenous participants by opportunistic researchers. The indigenous are unlikely to suffer from such abuse. The deduction also aids future studies to invest in inserting cover letters in all their questionnaires to boost response rate and promote trust. The knowledge a s to why and how participants choose to participate is vital, especially when dealing with people who have had a record of exploitative and harmful research practices. About nearly all indigenous research participators in an urge to promote their response effectiveness, a native researcher should be sought due to a likelihood of shared understanding and expectation. In most instances unwillingness to participate may be fuelled by a respondent anger. The upset feelings can emanate from personal experiences and/or be negatively-intrigue/disturbed [4]. The presence of two distinct groups of respondents poses a significant research problem: selection bias. To tackle the selection bias, a need arises for a "pre-test sensitization" procedure to gauge personal psychology or behavior [5]. It is worth noting the role of protocol when dealing with indigenous research participants. The authors spelled out six values: Spirit and Integrity; Reciprocity; Respect; Equality; Survival and Protection ; and Responsibility. References: University of Minnesota Libraries, 2017; Social Problems: Continuity and change; What is a Social Problem? Gullemin M., Gillam L., Barnard E., Stewart P., Walker H. and Rosenthal D. (2016) Were checking them out: Indigenous and non-Indigenous research participants accounts of deciding to be involved in researchInternational Journal of Equity and Health (15:8). Mackenzie, N. M., Knipe, S. (2006). Research dilemmas: Paradigms, methods and methodology. Issues in Educational Research, 16(2): 193-205. Edwards K. M., Haynes E. E. and Rodenhizer-Stampfli K. A., (2016). High School Youths Reactions to Participating in Mixed-Methodological Dating Violence Research. Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics, vol. 11, 3: pp. 220-230. June 15. McCambridge J., Kypri K. and Elbourne D. (2014). Research participation effects: a skeleton in the methodological cupboard. PMC. Journal of clinical epidemiology 67(8): 845849. Resnik D. B., (2015). What is Ethics in Research Why is it Important? National Institute of Environmental health sciences; U.S. Department of health and Environmental Services. Barnett J., Vesileiou K., Thorpe S. and Young T. (2015). Justifying the adequacy of samples in qualitative interview-based studies: Differences between and within journals; Symposium: "Quality in qualitative research and enduring problematics," Qualitative Methodology Forum 27 January 2015, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Bath. Banerjee A., Chitnis U. B., Jadhay S. L., Bhawalker J. S. and Chaudhury S., (2009). Hypothesis testing, type I and type II errors. Industrial Psychiatry Journal 18(2): 127131. Crouch M. and McKenzie H., (2006). The logic of small samples in interview-based qualitative research. Sage journals; Social Science Information Vol 45, Issue 4.

The Way of Geisha Dance

The way of Geisha dance demonstrates to us the importance of maiko in the traditional Japanese culture. The difficult times that the character goes through serve to prepare her for the tedious maiko training. Maiko entertains people from all cadres.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Way of Geisha Dance specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This, at the same time brings to us the rich Japanese culture. The whole process through the dance displays the thorough training the Maiko usually go through. Geisha lessons prepare women to become independent with little dependence on men. Their sanctity when training shows how the trainers value developing maiko women who respect themselves. The main character loses parents and a sister. The death of parents and the punishment do not serve any good to the character. The dance reveals the element of jealousy among women as they compete for the attention of men. The concept behin d may not be men as depicted because maiko grow up women who never get married but it seems the push is economic gain. An appreciation by men comes in terms of monetary rewards. The dance is crucial to the lives of many Japanese women. It has created a constant source of income to these women. Maiko is an avenue for trainers to make income. The training is formal and schools exist. The tutors who are specially trained must be paid. The geisha houses, recruitment, and training are income-generating stages. The structure of the training itself creates a continuum that is a source of income to people at every level. From art training, learning in teahouses through to the teachings on the navigation of social networking people earn income. The trainers, entrepreneurs who run geisha houses, hairdressers and stylists all get income. The maiko girls are very successful businesspeople.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper wi th 15% OFF Learn More The dance attracts tourists in Japan (Masuda 77). The visitors who are always very enthusiastic about the dance, come to purchase the traditional costumes called kimono along with the geisha makeup. Geisha has been expanded to cover modeling and taking international tours. Through this, the Japanese culture that is considered the impeccable form of art is spread across the world. Geisha has succeeded in giving women economic and financial independence. The comparison between Geisha and Japanese dance draws many differences. Whereas the Japanese dance has two types i.e. Odori and Mai, geisha is one dance that has two divisions that are Tchikata and Jikata. Geisha is a dance dominated by women, and the Japanese dance is male oriented. Geisha is performed in public places that include social functions while the Japanese dance is performed in rooms. Ballet is a western traditional dance. It has its own vocabulary that compares to the special regalia won by geisha dancers. There are several types of the ballet depending on the geographical origin including the French ballet, Russian ballet, and Italian ballet. This is different from geisha that only has one origin. Other similarities include the training that is intensive and takes time to sharpen skills that cover a range of issues such as dancing, acting, and other artistic displays. The two dances also prominently feature women who sing and play musical instruments. Both dances stem from the cultures of respective communities. We can confidently conclude that as much as the dances originated from countries that are far apart, they have more similarities than differences and most of them promote their respective cultures.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Way of Geisha Dance specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Works Cited Masuda, Sayo. Autobiography of a Geisha. New York: Columbia University Press, 2003. Print. This essay on The Way of Geisha Dance was written and submitted by user Landon Bowers to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

American Dental Association Essays

American Dental Association Essays American Dental Association Essay American Dental Association Essay Attendees: 1) Dr. Ghanim Al Mannai ,Consultant, Asst. Chairman 2) Dr. Abdul HakkimAl Mandaei, Cinsultant, Wakra Dental In charge 3) Dr. Mazin Askar, Sr. Consultant, Head of Section , Endodontic Restorative Dentistry 4) Dr. Kheralla A/ Rahim, Sr. Consultant, Head of Section, Proshodontics 5) Dr. Najat Al Hashemi, Sr. Consultant, Head of Section, Orthodontics 6) Dr. Ghada Abu Shawish, Consultant, A/Head of Periodontics 7) Dr. Banoo Ilkhan, Consultant, Prosthodontics(AWH). 8) Dr. Mutaz, Sr. consultant, Endodontic Restorative Dentistry(AWH) 9) Dr. Ali Khan,Specilaist, Orthodontics(AWH) 10) Dr. Abullah Ali, Specialist, Orthodontics(AWH) 11) Dr. Imanuel Symendosis, Consultant, PEriodontics (AWH) 12) Dr. Lamees Al Faridi, Clinical Associate(AWH) 13) MR. Dental Laboratory( AWH) 14) MR. 15) Ms. Yolenda, Nurse In-Charge, Dentistry 16) Mr†¦.. Dental Laboratory( AWH) In the absence of Dr. Henno Rainer Miethke( Chairman,Dept.of Dentistry) Dr Ghanim Al Mannai had led an extraordinary meeting for Al- Wakra Dental Dept. Dr Abdul Hakim, Al Wakra in charge briefed the problems relating to the delayment of the opening of Al Wakra Dental Section. The main initiative of this meeting was to give the list of required equipments to the concerned head of sections of dentistry. Dr Ghanim suggested that, a report of those equipments which are not compatible with the required specifications for all concerned sections should be made. Since the lab equipments are inadequate, the relevant staff would have to work in our dental laboratory and their transportation should be prearranged. Dr Abdul Hakim revealed that sterilization Department would function immediately after a week whereas pedodonitcs was already set up. Dr Ghanim and Dr Abdul Hakim assigned each head of sections(Al Wakra) should coordinate with concerned head sections of dentistry to understand what procedure should be done to obtain all relevant information for the requirement of equipments for different sections. The Head of Sections of Dentistry can support them, by providing required information and supply spare equipments for Al Wakra Dentistry Department. Dr Ghanim informed everybody, regarding the involvement and approval of Mr. Maqsood Ibrahim (A/Executive Director) as . Finally Dr Ghanim suggested Dr. Abdul Hakim to provide the list of equipments that are required for Al- Wakra dental section to the Nursing incharge.

Master of Biology Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Master of Biology - Personal Statement Example After that, I passed Associate Degree in Pharmacy in 1999 from Intermediate Science College, Hofaf, KSA. In September 2009, I successfully completed IPPE hours and observed patient care and other activities of the pharmacy personnel. Then I successfully completed Rite Aid Findlay, OH in summer 2009 where I successfully completed IPPE hours and assisted pharmacist in patient care and pharmacy. The most recent education of mine is Bachelor of Science in Biology from Ohio Northern University, OH. I have a work experience of about 12 years from 1994 to 2006 at Ministry of Health, Hulaf City, KSA. During my work experience, I worked as an assistant pharmacist and worked in dispensing and shelving medicine. I provided my services to Community Development Programs. I checked food items for their expiry dates at Ada Food Pentary, Ada OH in 2008. The food items were to be dispensed to people. In the same year, I worked for Habitat for Humanity, Findlay OH where I was assigned to provide food for the people who were building homes for the homeless people. About the same year, I worked for Findlay Hancock Country Public Library, Findlay, OH. There I worked as volunteer and cleaned and labeled shelves of library. In the same year of 2008, I helped Hancock Christian Clearing House, Findlay, OH by cleaning the spaghetti tables and fund raising activity. Lastly, I served the community by Chapin Hall Food Pantry, Findlay, OH in 2008. There I delivered food to clients and helped clean up. All of these Community development programs have provided me a vast knowledge. I learnt a lot about cleanliness and food items. During my educational period, I have studied related courses to Masters in Biology, which will help me in achieving my further education. The courses contained the study of Anatomy, Histology, Immunology, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical, Physiology 1, Physiology 2, Physiology 3, Organic Chemistry, Med Microbiology, Bio Science 1 and Bio Science 2.

The imitation Game Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The imitation Game - Essay Example He has no knowledge about which of them is a machine and which is the person. The aim of the interrogator is to correctly identify the machine and the person. Meanwhile, the machine will try to cause the interrogator into wrongly identifying it as the person; and the person will try to help the interrogator identify correctly.According to Turing, in fifty years’ time, it will be possible to program computers so that the average interrogator will not have more than 70 percent chances of correctly identifying after five minutes of questioning. However, despite the long time that has passed, the Turing test has not yet been completed by anyone.There are two main objections raised against Turing test. Firstly, whether we will actually have computers with so much intelligence, that they have a less than 70 percent chance of correct identification. Secondly, even if the average interrogator had a less than 70 percent chance of correct identification, can we conclude that the machine has demonstrated a certain level of thought, intelligence or mentality?Although the Turing test seems highly impractical to achieve, it serves to remain as a benchmark for Artificial Intelligence researchers and developers. However, there are other competitions which are considered to be more challenging and practical to achieve.The interrogator is allowed to communicate with both the machine and computer and puts up questions to them. The interrogator is in a separate room from the machine and the computer.

The Story of an Hour Essay Example for Free

The Story of an Hour Essay The Story of an Hour† by Kate Chopin is about a woman named Mrs. Mallard, who learns that her just died in an accident. As I continued to read the story I learned that Mrs. Mallard, was not your ordinary grieving widow, she is actually somewhat happy of the news of her husband’s death. Chopin uses symbolism and irony to show readers the world through Mrs. Mallard’s eyes. Symbolism was a strong term in the story, mainly because Chopin uses symbols in many of her paragraphs. Also the author uses irony to get readers to understand why she is so happy that she is free of her husband. The two literary elements that are prevalent in the story is symbolism and irony because Chopin uses them the most to create different feelings in the readers’ minds. In the â€Å" Story of an Hour† Chopin uses symbolism as much as she can throughout the story. The symbolism begins when Chopin says â€Å" the delicious breath of rain was in the air† (23). I believe this means she is about to start a new life, and that she can finally start living for herself. Another example, is â€Å" there stood facing the open window, a comfortable, roomy armchair† (23). The open window symbolizes being open to change; the adjectives roomy and comfortable symbolizes a feeling of being embraced, a feeling of love and security. While looking through the window Chopin describes other symbols such as: The warm weather which suggest life rather then the cold of winter that symbolizes death. I believe the quote â€Å" were all quiver with the new spring life† (23), symbolizes a new life to come, or maybe something new and exciting was about to happen in her life. The setting of a â€Å" delicious breath of rain† in the air refers to the calmness and quietness after the storm (23). I believe Chopin uses that to refer to Mr. Mallard’s death and the new life she will have now that she is free of him. Another thing outside the window are the â€Å" singing of birds† and â€Å" the distant song of someone who was singing (23). This symbolizes a feeling of relief that she is finally free of her husband, almost as if a burden has been lifted from her shoulders. In the story, Mrs. Mallard is described as being â€Å" a fair, calm face† (23), symbolizing beauty and innocence. I believe Chopin used the symbols in an underlying way to give the readers a feeling empathy for Mrs. Mallard. In â€Å"The Story of an Hour† this is much irony used throughout the story. Irony is first detected in the way Mrs. Mallard reacts to the death of her husband. Instead of reacting like a typical grieving widow, she accepts it and wants to be alone in her room, where she visualizes her life being better off without him rather than missing him. Another example, of irony is when Mrs. Mallard whispers, â€Å" free, free, free† (23). But as the story continues, we learn that ironically she really isn’t free because Mr. Mallard didn’t die after all. Another thing that is ironic is when the doctors say she died of the â€Å"joy that kills† (24). In reality the doctors are correct, but they don’t understand what joy actually killed her, it wasn’t the joy of her husband being alive, but rather that she was finally able to live her life without him. The recognized irony in the story was the fact that Mrs. Mallard was excited about her new life, but ironically she only gets to enjoy her new life for an hour before she dies. In closing, Chopin uses symbolism and irony to get the readers to understand the underlying message that she was trying to get across. Symbolism and irony are two very important literary elements because they provide the story with incite and heighten the readers expectations and interest throughout the story. I feel that Chopin did a very good job in implementing irony and symbolism into the story especially when trying to get the readers to view the world through Mrs. Mallard’s eyes and to describe her state of being regarding her husband’s death.

Xerox and IT Management :: essays research papers

Xerox is one of the largest companies in the document processing products and services industry. Xerox held a virtual monopoly in the plain-paper copier market until the Federal Trade Commission intervened. In 1975 Xerox was forced to forfeit patent protection and had to license to competitors. Xerox’s markets share dipped from 80% in 1976 to 13% in 1982. In order to become more competitive, Xerox began to use benchmarking, Leadership through Quality and employee involvement initiatives. These initiatives helped grow Xerox’s market share back to 18% in the low end copier business and 35% in the mid-to-high end. Despite the improvements in market share the financial performance of the company declined. Therefore in 1992 a major reorganization was planned, Xerox would change from a geographic organization to a market segment organization. Xerox corporate information management (CIM) unit was established in the early 1970s. In 1987, CIM was moved to the General Services Division and was given the task to â€Å"Provide the overall information technology leadership to the company.† The leader of the CIM group quickly realized the task was not possible without significant organizational change. After bringing in consultants to review the Information Management at Xerox, the director of CIM realized the Xerox IM infrastructure could not support the company’s strategic direction. To address the IM problems, CIM started a new initiative, â€Å"IM 2000†. The goal of IM 2000 was to move Xerox to a new information systems infrastructure. The problems found with Information Management at Xerox †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Aging application portfolio built on proprietary technologies †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Large cost associated with keeping legacy system running †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Duplicate work caused by corporate culture – autonomy The IM 2000 design team recommended the following four strategies 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Reduce/Redirect   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Reduce overall costs by reining in the expense of legacy system. Use savings to fund new applications and infrastructure. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Infrastructure Management   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Move to a industry standard infrastructure that would be managed centrally – a client server environment. 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Leverage worldwide IM resources   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Create library of shareable core modules. 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Business process-driven solutions   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The current legacy system was to be replaced by solutions supporting new Xerox business process. Xerox’s earlier quality initiatives had created a corporate culture used to having a partner relationship with suppliers. Because of this, management suggested IM should look at outsourcing as an alternative. Typical Reasons for Outsourcing †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Concerns about Cost and Quality o  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Vendors save money by   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Running much leaner overhead structures than their customers   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  More aggressive use of low cost labor pools (India)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Staff must keep up to date on newest IT practices   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Purchasing Power   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  More efficient use of capacity

Hypertension Among Tribal Population Health And Social Care Essay

Ischemic Heart Disease is one the major causes of decease in developed states. It is increasing being recognized as a major slayer in developing states like India that are presently undergoing demographic and epidemiological passage. Although IHD has a broad gamut of hazard factors like unhealthy dietetic form, serum cholesterin, age, physical activity, high blood pressure remains a major underpin that accelerates the hazard of future IHD. Hypertension is besides being widely investigated because of our ability to observe and pull off it easy and besides the potency for community degree intercession, sing the non-modifiable nature of other hazard factors and every bit good as the restricted feasibleness for intercession as a public wellness step. India has started the national programme for control of NCDs in maintaining with its committedness to react to emerging wellness jobs during the passage. In order to better understand the natural history of IHD many epidemiological surveies have been undertaken. In this context tribal populations have been investigated for IHD hazard factors both in western states and India every bit good. Tribal populations provide a particular epidemiological window to take a closer expression at the natural history of IHDs, based on our given that such populations have a life manner much different from that of modern society which is considered a major determiner of IHD. Tribal people live a hurried life, without the fiscal emphasiss of the modern society, their day-to-day life necessitating moderate to heavy physical activity and their diet forms remain mostly un-penetrated by the high salt, high fat nutrient civilization. This premise holds good as long the tribal people remain unacculturated. The procedure of socialization strips these people of the protective consequence that their traditional ways have provided hitherto. In India tribal population constitutes about 8 % of the entire population. Majority of them reside in the provinces of Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Orissa, Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh and Jharkhand. Several surveies have been done to gauge the prevalence of high blood pressure in tribal population. Most of these surveies are from the southern parts of the state. It has been by and large accepted that the prevalence of HTN in tribal population is low but recent surveies have found higher prevalence. We did a systematic reappraisal to place all surveies done in tribal population that estimated HTN prevalence.MethodologyLiterature huntTwo writers independently ran hunts for the cardinal words high blood pressure, tribal, prevalence, India, hazard factors, coronary bosom disease and ischaemic bosom disease. The Boolean operators AND and OR were both used. The databases searched were MEDLINE, INDMED, Science Citation Index and Google Scholar. Documents of national bureaus like ICMR, NIN and other related organisations were besides searched. The members of the ICMR Expert Group on HTN besides provided suggestions for including certain surveies. Cross mentions of all the articles ab initio obtained were besides searched. Hand hunt was done in BBDL and NML. In instance of merely the abstract being available efforts were made to reach the corresponding writer bespeaking the full text. Articles published till September 2012 were searched. Attempts were made to look for gray literature li ke unpublished informations, theses and thesiss. Articles published in other linguistic communications were besides searched if they had a elaborate sum-up in English with the indispensable figures. Extras were removed. If more than one article was published from a survey the article that provided the most appropriate informations and/or the most late published was included. Each article was assessed for quality utilizing standard checklists like CASP/STROBE and information was extracted on predefined spreadsheets. Study features that were considered to hold an impact on the prevalence of HTN were extracted. The inclusion standards were spelled out based on the undermentioned – ( 1 ) It should a primary research. ( 2 ) A geographically and temporally defined population. ( 3 ) Cross-sectional survey or informations, or first stage of a longitudinal survey ( 4 ) Defined diagnostic standards stated for Hypertension ( 5 ) Well defined age group ( 6 ) Community based survey ( 8 ) Published in English, or with elaborate sum-ups in English ( 10 ) Provides prevalence informations with appropriate statistics for computation of consequence sizes. In instance of discordance between the writers for inclusion, consensus of the 3rd writer was sought. In instance two different writers reported the same survey as different articles, merely the first published art icle was included.Consequences:A sum of 16 surveies including two NNMB studies were retrieved ab initio. One article ( Mandani et al, 2011 ) was excluded because it reported the same information as given in another survey ( Tiwari RR, 2008 ) . Two of the articles published by Dash SC et Al ( 1986, 1994 ) seemed to be describing on the same information and therefore the most late published article ( 1994 ) was included and the 1986 article was excluded. Full text of one of the articles published by Mukhopadhyay B et Al ( 1996 ) could non be retrieved and the abstract did non provided sufficient information and hence excluded. The NNMB survey done in 2004-05 published as Technical Report No: 24 ( 2006 ) included Scheduled Tribes as one the survey population but provided neither sample size informations nor prevalence informations for this sub-population. Hence this information could non be used. After all these exclusions, a sum of 12 articles ( including one NNMB tribal study ) were taken up for farther reappraisal. In entire these articles provided informations on 23 sub-populations. There was a big grade of heterogeneousness among the surveies in footings of the age groups studied, trying scheme, survey scene, instruments used to mensurate blood force per unit area ( quicksilver vs. electronic ) , individual or multiple BP measurings, standard standards used for categorization of high blood pressure, socialization position of the folks and eventually the consequence of clip period over which the surveies were conducted. The earliest survey found was done in 1981 by Dash SC et Al and the most recent surveies were done in 2009. Merely five surveies were done before the twelvemonth 2000 and the remainder after that. The survey size varied widely between 50 and 47400. Except for two surveies which had used electronic setups, all other surveies have used quicksilver sphygmomanometer ( this information was non available for one survey ) . Almost all the surveies have used a cut-off of 140/90 for the diagnosing of high blood pressure ( JNC VII, ADA or WHO ) but two surveies used a cutoff of 160/95 ( this information was non available for one survey ) . Almost all the surveies used multiple readings of blood force per unit area ( two or three ) for the concluding diagnosing of high blood pressure ( this information was non available for one survey ) . Surveies were non available in all the provinces of the state ; even states known to hold a big proportion of tribal population ( like Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, NE provinces ) were left out. Most of the surveies were carried out in southern provinces.S. No.Name of the province in which survey was carried outNumber1 Andhra Pradesh 3 2 Orissa 3 3 Kerala 1 4 Sikkim 1 5 Gujarat 1 6 Andaman & A ; Nicobar Island 1 7 Rajasthan 1 8 Andhra Pradesh, Orissa, Kerala, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, West Bengal, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka ( 9 provinces survey ( 2009 ) by NNMB ) 1 Most of the surveies were done in big population of both sexes aged & gt ; = 16 or 18 or 20 old ages ( this information was non available for two surveies ) . One peculiar survey entirely included aged population aged & gt ; 60 old ages. Sexual activity wise prevalence was available merely for nine sub-populations. All the surveies explicitly provided the name and socialization position of the folk studied except for the NNMB study ( 2009 ) . The most common sampling scheme adopted by these surveies was simple random trying followed by multistage sampling and non-random sampling. The overall survey quality ranged from just to good. Most of the surveies were of good quality. One survey did non supply adequate information to measure survey quality. The prevalence of high blood pressure reported in these surveies ranged from 0 % to 50 % ( excepting the survey done among aged population ) . The prevalence of high blood pressure reported in surveies done before the twelvemonth 2000 ranged from 0 % to 23 % and that reported in surveies done after 2000 ranged from 17 % to 50 % ( excepting the survey done among aged population ) . The prevalence of high blood pressure in acculturated folks ranged from 0.25 % to 50 % , whereas in unacculturated folks it ranged from 0 % to 31 % . This shows that socialization might move as a determiner of high blood pressure in tribal population. There is an obviously increasing tendency in the prevalence high blood pressure in tribal population ( Fig 1 ) . This figure was obtained by come ining the maximal prevalence reported by the surveies in a peculiar twelvemonth. The prevalence was higher in certain population subgroups which were deemed have particular features like higher consumption of intoxic ant or salt tea, prevailing baccy mastication or toddy imbibing wonts or aged as compared to subgroups which didnaa‚Â ¬a„?t have such particular features.DecisionThe broad scope of prevalence reported in these surveies is unequal to deduce any valid decisions about the prevalence of high blood pressure in tribal population. Surveies with more unvarying methodological analysis should be carried out in a representative sample to obtain a better apprehension of the issue. A good planned follow up survey will turn to the inquiries raised about cogency of the findings reported in this reappraisal. A comparative prevalence survey between acculturated and unacculturated folk is necessary for an in-depth apprehension of the natural history of high blood pressure.Consequences of preliminary meta-analysis ( random effects ) with sensitiveness analysisS.No.Nature of the surveiesNo. of surveies includedPrevalence1 All surveies 23 14.0 2 All surveies ( excepting survey on aged ) 19 11.3 3 Unacculturated tribes* 12 8.2 4 Acculturated folks * 10 20.3 5 Acculturated folks ( excepting survey on aged ) * 9 17.0 6 No particular features in the population studied* 14 6.7 7 Particular features in the population studied* 8 31.7 8 Particular features in the population studied ( excepting survey on aged ) * 4 30.6 9 Surveies done prior to twelvemonth 2000 12 5.3 10 Surveies done after twelvemonth 2000 11 28.3 11 Surveies done after twelvemonth 2000 ( excepting survey on aged ) 7 26.1 * Excludes NNMB survey due to miss of needed information * Excludes NNMB survey due to miss of needed informationRanking of the nature of surveies harmonizing to increasing prevalence of HTNS.No.Nature of the surveiesNo. of surveies includedPrevalence1Surveies done prior to twelvemonth 2000125.32No particular features in the population studied*146.73Unacculturated tribes*128.24Acculturated folks ( excepting survey on aged ) *917.05Acculturated folks *1020.36Surveies done after twelvemonth 2000 ( excepting survey on aged )726.17Surveies done after twelvemonth 20001128.38Particular features in the population studied ( excepting survey on aged ) *430.69Particular features in the population studied*831.7* Excludes NNMB survey due to miss of needed information The lowest prevalence was seen in surveies done prior to twelvemonth 2000, in populations with no particular features and among unacculturated folks. Reasonably high prevalence was seen in surveies done after the twelvemonth 2000 and in acculturated folks. The highest prevalence was seen in surveies done among population with particular features.

Positive And Negative Impacts Of The Correctional System

Then and Now Paper 9/24/2017 Seminar in Corrections 4200 Katlyn Ford Valdosta State University Introduction The correctional system as a whole has a significant impact on the United States. From policy, incarceration, sexual victimization, and those who oversee correctional facilities it all takes a toll on the country. Simply stated, it is the butterfly effect seen in action. When one decision, action, or lack thereof is implemented there will either be positive or negative consequences. Statistics encompassing sexual victimization, incarceration rates in the United States, segregation in prison all create an environment that offenders have to live. With no option to leave by choice when oppressed by the system more than they should†¦show more content†¦The reason for this as they explain has to do with policy implications. Their solution in its most broad form is policy reform (p.268). The primary focus is a policy in the penal system. The reason for this is that when comparing the United States penal policy to other countries with lower incarceration rates, incarceration is avo ided as much as possible. Incarceration is seen as a last resort technique. For the countries, Finland and Germany who have previously had relatively low incarceration rates this notion is held. They primarily focus on fines (p.274). It could be a possible solution for the United States; however, there is are a few obstacles standing in the way. Weiss and Mackenzie (2010) discuss how only until the high incarceration is viewed as a problem then policy reform will truly take place. Additional to this is how mass incarceration is costly and only reaps short-term benefits in the reduction of crime. Nonetheless, they describe how the short-term benefits do not outweigh the long-term consequences of incarceration (p.274) Weiss and MacKenzie (2010) also describe how some actions have been taken by the state government to reduce the prison population. One way is by doing away with mandatory minimum sentencing (p.274). This could be the first step at policy change in the penal system to reduce incarceration rate. It could explain why the Federal Bureau of StatisticsShow MoreRelatedPrison Socialization And The Correctional Institution1188 Words   |  5 Pagesand identify models of imprisonment connected with variations in prisoner behaviour within the correctional institution. (Cao, Zhao, Dine, 1997). In corrections institutions there have been two established, yet divided viewpoints which are the â€Å"importation and deprivation† models of imprisonment. Sometimes, in overcrowded prison systems, managing harmony and continuity is vital for both correctional officers and inmates. A disciplinary action against inmates is usually the primary instrument usedRead MoreThe Effects Of Incarceration O n The Social Of African American Juveniles1487 Words   |  6 Pagesjuvenile justice system in addition to negative impressions of juvenile males have caused juvenile male incarceration rates to surge. African American male juveniles encounter racial differences in society everyday due to view that media portrays them to be. Racial bias amongst these juvenile African American males is the principal cause of their incarceration rates climbing higher each year. The lives of these juveniles are seriously altered after being incarcerated due to the negative labels givenRead MoreInternal And External And Internal Stakeholders1428 Words   |  6 Pagesto determine when offenders violates their parole or probation and sent them back to correctional facilities (Horgan , 2012). By sending a lot of them back to the prison impact bed space in the facilities which causes a lot of violence between inmates (Horgan , 2012). Courts: Besides the Judges having the ability to sentence men and women to our custody, the courts have the ability to dictate how the correctional facilities do business (Horgan , 2012). The courts generally follow the â€Å"due deferenceRead MoreChallenge The Justice System Essay1341 Words   |  6 PagesChallenge the Justice System Within organizations there are various factors that create challenges or barriers. Especially, within justice organizations, there are numerous barriers that challenge not only the system, but professionals in the field as well. Within Mà ©tis Calgary Family Services, the dynamic is strictly Aboriginal. According to Aboriginal Statistics at a Glance 2nd Edition (2015), he Aboriginal population represents 4.3 percent of Canada’s total population. Within the scope of thisRead MoreCommunity Based Corrections Essay example1108 Words   |  5 PagesCommunity based corrections is a program which supervises people who have been convicted or are facing conviction. It is a non-incarcerate system of correction. These offenders have been convicted or are facing conviction. Some offenders have entered these programs before being in jail and some serve a part of their sentence in jail before entering the program. The goals of the community based corrections would be one of providing guidance, program opportunities and support to the offender’sRead MoreMass Incarceration And Its Effects On The United States Essay1264 Words   |  6 Pagestrying to rehabilitate them only increases the chances of them returning back to jail or prison. The correctional system should focus their attention on rehabilitating offenders and looking at alternatives to incarceration. This paper will examine which correctional programs are successful and which ones are failures, what works and what’s needed. By measuring the success or failure of correctional programs, the evaluation of recidivism will be the focus. The Abandonment of Rehabilitation AccordingRead MoreInmates with special needs1204 Words   |  5 Pagesillnesses, substance-abuse issues, juvenile offenders, and older inmates are all considered special offenders upon entering the correctional facility and classification process. These inmates are classified as special offenders, which refers to inmates with behavioral issues that will need close supervision, specific treatment plans, and sometimes treatment outside the correctional facility (Seiter, 2011). The number one complaint filed by prisoners is inmate neglect and although many cases amount to nothingRead MoreA Major Goal Of Public Safety1432 Words   |  6 Pagesprison is kept well maintained and ethical to there prisoners. The justification behind the vision is to sustain the CSC (The Correctional Service of Canada) mission statement. The mission statement is to demonstrate general understanding of the objectives and operations of the prison. The authors stated that penitentiaries rarely provide their à ¢â‚¬Å"rehabilitative and correctional ideals†. The complexity of prison life is often disregarded, this is an issue seeing as it is the leading attraction for touristsRead MoreThe Inside Out Program : The Media s Portrayal Of Criminals947 Words   |  4 PagesGroup Dynamics The Inside Out program has provided much Xavier students positive chances to learn and delve into the prison system through the interactions and discussions between the local inmates or classified â€Å"Inside† students. When explaining the program to the average person, some would express interest and curiosity or having a class in a correctional institution; others were weary and even asked why one would decide to take a class full of â€Å"hardened† criminals. This is what I thought as wellRead MoreThe Youth Criminal Justice Act873 Words   |  4 PagesCriminal Justice Act. One of the major amendments that Bill C-10 proposes is in relation to the location of detention for young offenders. Currently, a young offender, under the age of eighteen, can be ordered by the court to serve their sentence in a correctional facility for adults. Clause 186 of Bill C-10 proposes to replace section 76(2) of the Youth Criminal Justice Act by changing the already existing legislat ion to provide that a young offender, under the age of eighteen, will serve their sentence