Climate Change and Health Effects - 1968 Words

PHILIPPINE COUNTRY REPORT ON CLIMATE CHANGE AND HEALTH EFFECTS Presented By: THEODORA CECILE G. MAGTURO MD. MHA NCDPC-DOH ENGR. JEAN ROSETE EMB-DENR MR. NINIO RELOX PAGASA-DOST DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH Republic of the Philippines DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH Republic of the Philippines COUNTRY DESCRIPTION †¢7107 Islands †¢No land boundaries Taiwan- north Vietnam –west China – northwest Malaysia and Indonesia–South 3 major islands †¢Luzon †¢Visayas †¢Mindanao DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH Republic of the Philippines Philippines ranks among the highest in SEA Population of 85.2 m (2005) and annual Growth rate 2.1% (2004) Rural 52% Urban 48% DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH Republic of the Philippines†¦show more content†¦of Cases 100 80 60 40 20 0 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51 Morbidity Week 2007 Alert threshold Epidemic threshold DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH Republic of the Philippines DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH Republic of the Philippines DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH Republic of the Philippines Distribution of Typhoid Fever Cases by Week Philippines, as of June 3, 2007 45 40 35 No. of Cases 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51 Morbidity Week 2007 Alert threshold Epidemic threshold DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH Republic of the Philippines Distribution of Cholera Cases by Week 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51 Philippines, as of June 3, 2007 No. of Cases Morbidity Week 2007 Alert threshold Epidemic threshold DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH Republic of the Philippines Ten Leading Causes of Morbidity Philippines 2005 DISEASE NUMBER RATE/ 100,000 population Acute Respiratory Tract Infx Bronchitis/Bronchiolitis Diarrhea Influenza Hypertension TB, Respiratory Diseases of the Heart Malaria Chicken Pox Dengue Fever 690,566 616,041 603,287 406,237 382,662 114,360 43,898 36,063 30,063 20,107 828.0 738.7 723.4 487.1 458.8 137.1 52.6 43.3 36.0 24.1 DEPARTMENT OFShow MoreRelatedIn Contrast To The Views Of Mcmichael And The Usgcrp, Emeritus1126 Words   |  5 Pagesbelief that climate change will have severely negative effects on human health. He is well-versed in economics, which is why it is not surprising that the second half of the book discusses the economic side of climate change. Nevertheless, the way of gathering information on climate change’s effects was fairly new in the late nineties and what little data that was gathered was speculated on by Moore. Moore revealed that Paul Epstein, a professor at the Harvard School of Public Health, had claimedRead MoreProject Proposal: Effects of Climate Change1322 Words   |  6 PagesProject Proposal: Effects of Climate Change The final research paper generated from the Project Proposal: Effects of Climate Change will discuss the question, what Americans can do to reduce climate change health effects? Various research publications by credible sources advise, global warming climate change has an affect on human health. Climate change and the impact on human health can be connected through direct or indirect variables. The Importance I feel as though if we start at a youngRead MoreGlobal Health And Climate Change1525 Words   |  7 Pagesmost significant global health issue in the United States (U.S.) and one that poses the most danger is climate change. Climate change is a major global health issue that many of us do not understand, do not take seriously, nor do not consider to be a major health concern. The link between global health and climate change has been confirmed by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a risk to the health of the population and is now classified as one of the greatest health risks of the 21st centuryRead MoreClimate Change : A Look On Public Health1261 Words   |  6 PagesComposition 3 November 2015 Climate Change: A Look on Public Health What will happen to the future of humanity if climate change is allowed to have its way with the human race? What disasters will climate change force upon civilization? Will the human race slowly be extinguished? What will happen to individual people as the Earth’s climate gets more and more violent? Climate change will affect the general public’s health; the only question is â€Å"How much?† Climate change’s effects are very real and someRead MoreEnvironmental Global Health : A Social Science Point Of View1492 Words   |  6 Pages Environmental global health analyzes the nature and build of the environmental by researching the effects of human and their interactions with the environment while creating ways to reduce environmental risk factors. Singer and Erickson define environmental risk factors as: â€Å"specific ways that environment features and events threaten human health† (Singer, Erickson 2013: 114). Environmental Global Health effects everyone from a state, community, organizational, interpersonal, and individual levelRead MoreGlobal Warming And Climate Change1131 Words   |  5 Pageswithout consideration of the long-term effects that their emissions may have on the planet. Changing weather patterns are now wreaking havoc around the world, and scientists attribute this to human-caused climate change. During President Obama’s State of t he Union address in 2015, he stated that, â€Å"No challenge poses a greater threat to future generations than climate change,† (â€Å"Remarks by the President†). Warming temperatures caused by anthropogenic climate change have disastrous consequences thatRead MoreGlobal Climate Change And Global Warming1054 Words   |  5 Pagesglobal climate change is happening. From the melting of the polar ice caps, to record severe temperatures, rise in natural disasters, rise in pollution, greater number of vector-borne and water borne illnesses, and much more. Unless there is something done to change the current technology being used to provide energy to the human population global climate change will only continue to get worse. Climate change is the biggest global health threat of the 21st century and we must act and change the useRead MoreGlobal Climate Change : The Global Warming1472 Words   |  6 PagesGlobal Climate Change Currently when human life is growing, human activities impact on the environment and climate to lead to global climate change. Climate change is a problem of the whole world, and that is the big challenge for human kind. So what is climate change? Evolution of how it? Climate change is the change of weather, climate, may be due to human or natural causes. The specific expression that we often hear about is the phenomenon does not stop warming the earth, the greenhouse effect, meltingRead MoreAcross The World, There Are Many Global Health Issues Which1517 Words   |  7 Pagesmany global health issues which are being played out in which society faces. Whether it be a developing issue or one that has been plaguing society for an amount of time, as the world becomes a more globalized entity, many are beginning to realize that while we may face challenges individual to more local levels, there are just as many challenges that we must take on together. Climate change, and its effect upon human health, is one of these uniting challenges. While climate changes have occurredRead MoreGlobal Climate Change : The Global Warming1633 Words   |  7 PagesThe Global Climate Change Currently, when human life is growing, human activities play an impact on the environment and climate, which leads to global climate change. Climate change is a problem of the whole world, and therefore remains a huge challenge for life on Earth. So what is climate change? Evolution of how it change? Climate change is caused by natural causes or by humans which possibly fluctuates the cycle of change in weather and climate. The specific expression that we often hear about

The Colonization Of America, Australia And Antarctica

During the 1400s, Europeans knew little of the world surrounding them. Outside of Europe and the Mediterranean, little was known, with rumors and imagination filling the gaps. They had no real concept of the size or shape of Africa and Asia and had no clue of America, Australia and Antarctica. Europeans began their explorations of the world starting in the late 1400s, with Columbus’ discovery of the Americas. Here, he discovered that this land was already inhabited and had been civilized for centuries by a native people. These were the Native Americans, who have been there since 13,000 B.C. These Natives used nature to their advantage, and lived in harmony with other tribes, having strong family ties. The Natives had different values†¦show more content†¦Beginning in the summer of 1675 the King Philip s War started and never stopped, as Native American resisted colonial expansion. These Europeans had eliminated approximately forty percent of the Native American popu lation in New England. This war later led to the Natives struggling in their own communities. Colonists had succeeded and the Native American population declined drastically in New England. Much of the Native American population died to new mysterious diseases, including smallpox, typhus, cholera, and measles. These diseases were brought by the colonists and in fact the population of Native Americans in New England fell in 1675, from 10,000 to 125,000. The Europeans also took over land through trade and by expanding their land claims. The next encounter with natives and colonists was in New York and New France. The first French colonists had arrived at the St. Lawrence Valley with around 400 soldiers, 300 sailors and only a few women. Many though passed over the following two years due to scurvy, a disease caused by a deficiency of vitamin C. France then sent an explorer in 1608, to Quebec, Samuel de Champlain, in order to establish the New France colony. Champlain already had experience with these natives and allied with the Hurons, who were located on the lower Great Lakes, as well as the Algonquins and Montagnais

Qualitative Research In Public Health for Continuity and Change

Question: Discuss about theQualitative Research In Public Health for Continuity and Change. Answer: Social problem. A social issue is any circumstance or mannerism harboring destructive consequences over a large number of individuals and which is in most cases identified as one that calls for immediate attention [1]. The article at this moment in question delves on the social problem of the motivation and decision-making that pushes study participants to the inclusion acceptance in the study. The research goes further to explore the records of exploitative research practices to the indigenous and non-indigenous study participants while participating in some research procedures which has posed a social problem facing past, current and prospective study participants. The research questions addressed by the study are: (a) Whether differences exist between responses of aboriginal and alien research participants, (b) What are the motivating factors to participate in any medical research by both the indigenous and non-indigenous participants, and (c) Whether non-indigenous researchers face more challenges in the field than native researcher when performing study activities on indigenous research participants? The authors connected the research questions to the social problem by doing a secondary research on a previous interviewed research participants and assessed their promptness to their study activities, attitude, and mannerism towards the incorporated activities and researchers. The respondents were divided into two groups; indigenous and non-indigenous community members, with the researchers evaluating each study participator's responses. The driving force of the research was to investigate instances of subject exploitations and approaches likely to appear exploitative. The authors also targetted respondents who had participated in a study investigating on issues ranked as sensitive,' thus their acceptance to participate involved stakes that were at least moderately high. The study concludes with a note that the needs of indigenous people should be prioritized thus making the study a community value-abiding one in its focus [2]. Paradigm adopted. Research has been assigned the description of a systematic investigation (Burns, 1997) as cited by Mackenzie [3] with a research paradigm recorded as the hypothetical fabric, explicit from the theory, and one influencing knowledge interpretation and study [3]. The authors adopted the constructivist paradigm; one where qualitative methods are applied even though quantitative methods can be utilized incorporating interviews, observations and visual data analysis as data collection tools [9]. The paradigm asserted that The reasons and motivation behind an individual response are dependent on whether he/she is an indigenous member of the community or not.' They interrogated persons who had a prior participation in research while failing to disclose the identity of the participants to their first researchers. The study interviewed 36 members from Victoria-Australia on reasons for their involvement in the previous research where a representative sample from each group was absorbed. A physi cal interview was chiefly used on the original participants with telephone interview incorporated depending on a participants availability for interview. The data collected delved on their opinion on; (a) the approach employed by the researchers towards them, (b) their attitude to the study and (c) the motivation they expected from investigators. Though the respondents produced their independent responses, high response similarity was recorded in each group. The sample population selected responded to similar questions, except for indigenous participators who tackled further filter probing. The non-indigenous population was noted to employ minimal attention to the why factors,' unlike their indigenous counterparts. Most non-indigenous participants consented inclusion with the intent of; helping others, individual interests or possessing face value trust in the recruiting medical practitioners [2]. The native participants consented to the study inclusion after careful and insightful thought on the researchers' credibility and the importance of the research to the community. The constructivist paradigm achieved its purpose by collecting study participants individual opinion that is independent of external influence. Population and the sample A study population is a group of people from whom a researcher can legitimately assign the study's conclusions on [8] with the target population being the whole team under interest. Nevertheless, this population is not always accessible, and due to numerous practicalities (funding, time, ethics), the researcher is unable to reach every individual of interest thus a proportion (sample) of it is selected for a study. The studys sample was selected from previous sensitive perceived studies participants in Australia, who were contacted via letters and later interviewed with the consent of their respective researchers. The sample contained 36 members; 24 women and 11 men, of ages between 18 and 70 years. The sample comprised of 28 non-indigenous and eight indigenous participants. Its worth noting the unfortunate situation of the study harboring only eight native participants despite the high effort put into recruitment. The authors speculated this was due to (a) indigenous people failure to identify the studys incident vitality towards their society, (b) lack of trust in the institution carrying out the study; a research university, (c) feelings of involvement burnout and (d) individual and time commitments. The study gave the report dependent on the sample even though small. Conclusively, responses recorded high consistency, exhibiting the thoughtfulness and articulateness of the respondents. The participants agreed to participate in this research mainly because they considered the act beneficial to their community. The authors concluded that the responses adequately represented the populations voice since they held the notion that views given were information-rich. Therefore, there lacked a point of invalidating the findings. Other researchers on qualitative data have highlighted various arguments on the sample size concerning the entire population. Mathematically, a small sample size is a recipe to committing type II error: where the null hypothesis is not rejected when false [8]. However, other literature backs the choice of a small but representative sample size with their explanations; cost likely to be incurred if many respondents are interviewed, e.t.c. The qualitative research, however, seeks in-depth inquiry into every social aspect thus the concept of the sample size does not bear much weight [7] Ethical Issue. In the field of research, ethics can be considered as the protection and confidentiality of interviewees. Ethics promotes cooperation and understanding between researcher and respondents thus efficient information/data sharing and acquisition. The authors upheld ethics by: Gaining the consent of prior researchers thus granting them access their participants (after which they sent invitation letters to the targeted sample), withholding participants identity (those who yielded to the research inclusion). This promoted privacy of the respondent and could serve as a motivation to give more intimate responses to this and future studies. interviewing participants for a duration of 3060 minutes and the audio-recorded interactions were to be passed for afterward transcription only with the member's permission. Letters of invitation consisted of project information and contacts for authenticity. Similar researchers have emphasized the importance of ethics in research; [6] state presence of various reason for upholding it: Norms promote the aims of the review, such as knowledge, truth, and avoidance of error. For example, prohibitions against fabricating, falsifying, or misrepresenting research data promote the truth and minimize error. Measures utilized to ensure ethics were sufficiently simplified, and adequately served towards the respondents prompt information sharing and views outsourcing owing to the long responses given, and line of thoughts articulated. A high number of respondent produced negative views about some of the former researchers evidencing that the authors approach was favorable to the respondents. The research targeted people perceived as vulnerable or requiring particular ethical attention. The issues under the prior investigation were mostly private or sensitive. Having that knowledge and the response effectiveness; this shows the approach used was the most appropriate (It produced a 100% response rate; 36/36 valid responses). Findings. The authors have brought out clear discrepancies between indigenous and non-indigenous research participation. The indigenous participated in the research after considering: (a) benefits of the research to their society, (b) their safety from any involvement in risky situations due to their vulnerability and (c) among others, the researchers truthfulness, reciprocity, and reputation. However, this was contrary to the non-indigenous participants who only assessed face value of investigators' assertation. It is thus important to note that motivation and decision-making processes in indigenous and non-indigenous participants are not necessarily the same. These findings display a tendency of easier exploitation of the non-indigenous participants by opportunistic researchers. The indigenous are unlikely to suffer from such abuse. The deduction also aids future studies to invest in inserting cover letters in all their questionnaires to boost response rate and promote trust. The knowledge a s to why and how participants choose to participate is vital, especially when dealing with people who have had a record of exploitative and harmful research practices. About nearly all indigenous research participators in an urge to promote their response effectiveness, a native researcher should be sought due to a likelihood of shared understanding and expectation. In most instances unwillingness to participate may be fuelled by a respondent anger. The upset feelings can emanate from personal experiences and/or be negatively-intrigue/disturbed [4]. The presence of two distinct groups of respondents poses a significant research problem: selection bias. To tackle the selection bias, a need arises for a "pre-test sensitization" procedure to gauge personal psychology or behavior [5]. It is worth noting the role of protocol when dealing with indigenous research participants. The authors spelled out six values: Spirit and Integrity; Reciprocity; Respect; Equality; Survival and Protection ; and Responsibility. References: University of Minnesota Libraries, 2017; Social Problems: Continuity and change; What is a Social Problem? Gullemin M., Gillam L., Barnard E., Stewart P., Walker H. and Rosenthal D. (2016) Were checking them out: Indigenous and non-Indigenous research participants accounts of deciding to be involved in researchInternational Journal of Equity and Health (15:8). Mackenzie, N. M., Knipe, S. (2006). Research dilemmas: Paradigms, methods and methodology. Issues in Educational Research, 16(2): 193-205. Edwards K. M., Haynes E. E. and Rodenhizer-Stampfli K. A., (2016). High School Youths Reactions to Participating in Mixed-Methodological Dating Violence Research. Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics, vol. 11, 3: pp. 220-230. June 15. McCambridge J., Kypri K. and Elbourne D. (2014). Research participation effects: a skeleton in the methodological cupboard. PMC. Journal of clinical epidemiology 67(8): 845849. Resnik D. B., (2015). What is Ethics in Research Why is it Important? National Institute of Environmental health sciences; U.S. Department of health and Environmental Services. Barnett J., Vesileiou K., Thorpe S. and Young T. (2015). Justifying the adequacy of samples in qualitative interview-based studies: Differences between and within journals; Symposium: "Quality in qualitative research and enduring problematics," Qualitative Methodology Forum 27 January 2015, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Bath. Banerjee A., Chitnis U. B., Jadhay S. L., Bhawalker J. S. and Chaudhury S., (2009). Hypothesis testing, type I and type II errors. Industrial Psychiatry Journal 18(2): 127131. Crouch M. and McKenzie H., (2006). The logic of small samples in interview-based qualitative research. Sage journals; Social Science Information Vol 45, Issue 4.

The Way of Geisha Dance

The way of Geisha dance demonstrates to us the importance of maiko in the traditional Japanese culture. The difficult times that the character goes through serve to prepare her for the tedious maiko training. Maiko entertains people from all cadres.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Way of Geisha Dance specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This, at the same time brings to us the rich Japanese culture. The whole process through the dance displays the thorough training the Maiko usually go through. Geisha lessons prepare women to become independent with little dependence on men. Their sanctity when training shows how the trainers value developing maiko women who respect themselves. The main character loses parents and a sister. The death of parents and the punishment do not serve any good to the character. The dance reveals the element of jealousy among women as they compete for the attention of men. The concept behin d may not be men as depicted because maiko grow up women who never get married but it seems the push is economic gain. An appreciation by men comes in terms of monetary rewards. The dance is crucial to the lives of many Japanese women. It has created a constant source of income to these women. Maiko is an avenue for trainers to make income. The training is formal and schools exist. The tutors who are specially trained must be paid. The geisha houses, recruitment, and training are income-generating stages. The structure of the training itself creates a continuum that is a source of income to people at every level. From art training, learning in teahouses through to the teachings on the navigation of social networking people earn income. The trainers, entrepreneurs who run geisha houses, hairdressers and stylists all get income. The maiko girls are very successful businesspeople.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper wi th 15% OFF Learn More The dance attracts tourists in Japan (Masuda 77). The visitors who are always very enthusiastic about the dance, come to purchase the traditional costumes called kimono along with the geisha makeup. Geisha has been expanded to cover modeling and taking international tours. Through this, the Japanese culture that is considered the impeccable form of art is spread across the world. Geisha has succeeded in giving women economic and financial independence. The comparison between Geisha and Japanese dance draws many differences. Whereas the Japanese dance has two types i.e. Odori and Mai, geisha is one dance that has two divisions that are Tchikata and Jikata. Geisha is a dance dominated by women, and the Japanese dance is male oriented. Geisha is performed in public places that include social functions while the Japanese dance is performed in rooms. Ballet is a western traditional dance. It has its own vocabulary that compares to the special regalia won by geisha dancers. There are several types of the ballet depending on the geographical origin including the French ballet, Russian ballet, and Italian ballet. This is different from geisha that only has one origin. Other similarities include the training that is intensive and takes time to sharpen skills that cover a range of issues such as dancing, acting, and other artistic displays. The two dances also prominently feature women who sing and play musical instruments. Both dances stem from the cultures of respective communities. We can confidently conclude that as much as the dances originated from countries that are far apart, they have more similarities than differences and most of them promote their respective cultures.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Way of Geisha Dance specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Works Cited Masuda, Sayo. Autobiography of a Geisha. New York: Columbia University Press, 2003. Print. This essay on The Way of Geisha Dance was written and submitted by user Landon Bowers to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

American Dental Association Essays

American Dental Association Essays American Dental Association Essay American Dental Association Essay Attendees: 1) Dr. Ghanim Al Mannai ,Consultant, Asst. Chairman 2) Dr. Abdul HakkimAl Mandaei, Cinsultant, Wakra Dental In charge 3) Dr. Mazin Askar, Sr. Consultant, Head of Section , Endodontic Restorative Dentistry 4) Dr. Kheralla A/ Rahim, Sr. Consultant, Head of Section, Proshodontics 5) Dr. Najat Al Hashemi, Sr. Consultant, Head of Section, Orthodontics 6) Dr. Ghada Abu Shawish, Consultant, A/Head of Periodontics 7) Dr. Banoo Ilkhan, Consultant, Prosthodontics(AWH). 8) Dr. Mutaz, Sr. consultant, Endodontic Restorative Dentistry(AWH) 9) Dr. Ali Khan,Specilaist, Orthodontics(AWH) 10) Dr. Abullah Ali, Specialist, Orthodontics(AWH) 11) Dr. Imanuel Symendosis, Consultant, PEriodontics (AWH) 12) Dr. Lamees Al Faridi, Clinical Associate(AWH) 13) MR. Dental Laboratory( AWH) 14) MR. 15) Ms. Yolenda, Nurse In-Charge, Dentistry 16) Mr†¦.. Dental Laboratory( AWH) In the absence of Dr. Henno Rainer Miethke( Chairman,Dept.of Dentistry) Dr Ghanim Al Mannai had led an extraordinary meeting for Al- Wakra Dental Dept. Dr Abdul Hakim, Al Wakra in charge briefed the problems relating to the delayment of the opening of Al Wakra Dental Section. The main initiative of this meeting was to give the list of required equipments to the concerned head of sections of dentistry. Dr Ghanim suggested that, a report of those equipments which are not compatible with the required specifications for all concerned sections should be made. Since the lab equipments are inadequate, the relevant staff would have to work in our dental laboratory and their transportation should be prearranged. Dr Abdul Hakim revealed that sterilization Department would function immediately after a week whereas pedodonitcs was already set up. Dr Ghanim and Dr Abdul Hakim assigned each head of sections(Al Wakra) should coordinate with concerned head sections of dentistry to understand what procedure should be done to obtain all relevant information for the requirement of equipments for different sections. The Head of Sections of Dentistry can support them, by providing required information and supply spare equipments for Al Wakra Dentistry Department. Dr Ghanim informed everybody, regarding the involvement and approval of Mr. Maqsood Ibrahim (A/Executive Director) as . Finally Dr Ghanim suggested Dr. Abdul Hakim to provide the list of equipments that are required for Al- Wakra dental section to the Nursing incharge.

Master of Biology Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Master of Biology - Personal Statement Example After that, I passed Associate Degree in Pharmacy in 1999 from Intermediate Science College, Hofaf, KSA. In September 2009, I successfully completed IPPE hours and observed patient care and other activities of the pharmacy personnel. Then I successfully completed Rite Aid Findlay, OH in summer 2009 where I successfully completed IPPE hours and assisted pharmacist in patient care and pharmacy. The most recent education of mine is Bachelor of Science in Biology from Ohio Northern University, OH. I have a work experience of about 12 years from 1994 to 2006 at Ministry of Health, Hulaf City, KSA. During my work experience, I worked as an assistant pharmacist and worked in dispensing and shelving medicine. I provided my services to Community Development Programs. I checked food items for their expiry dates at Ada Food Pentary, Ada OH in 2008. The food items were to be dispensed to people. In the same year, I worked for Habitat for Humanity, Findlay OH where I was assigned to provide food for the people who were building homes for the homeless people. About the same year, I worked for Findlay Hancock Country Public Library, Findlay, OH. There I worked as volunteer and cleaned and labeled shelves of library. In the same year of 2008, I helped Hancock Christian Clearing House, Findlay, OH by cleaning the spaghetti tables and fund raising activity. Lastly, I served the community by Chapin Hall Food Pantry, Findlay, OH in 2008. There I delivered food to clients and helped clean up. All of these Community development programs have provided me a vast knowledge. I learnt a lot about cleanliness and food items. During my educational period, I have studied related courses to Masters in Biology, which will help me in achieving my further education. The courses contained the study of Anatomy, Histology, Immunology, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical, Physiology 1, Physiology 2, Physiology 3, Organic Chemistry, Med Microbiology, Bio Science 1 and Bio Science 2.

The imitation Game Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The imitation Game - Essay Example He has no knowledge about which of them is a machine and which is the person. The aim of the interrogator is to correctly identify the machine and the person. Meanwhile, the machine will try to cause the interrogator into wrongly identifying it as the person; and the person will try to help the interrogator identify correctly.According to Turing, in fifty years’ time, it will be possible to program computers so that the average interrogator will not have more than 70 percent chances of correctly identifying after five minutes of questioning. However, despite the long time that has passed, the Turing test has not yet been completed by anyone.There are two main objections raised against Turing test. Firstly, whether we will actually have computers with so much intelligence, that they have a less than 70 percent chance of correct identification. Secondly, even if the average interrogator had a less than 70 percent chance of correct identification, can we conclude that the machine has demonstrated a certain level of thought, intelligence or mentality?Although the Turing test seems highly impractical to achieve, it serves to remain as a benchmark for Artificial Intelligence researchers and developers. However, there are other competitions which are considered to be more challenging and practical to achieve.The interrogator is allowed to communicate with both the machine and computer and puts up questions to them. The interrogator is in a separate room from the machine and the computer.